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Biography: Life of Enrico Fermi
Born 1901, Died 1954
Enrico Fermi was born on September 29, 1901 in Rome, Italy. He attended the University of Pisa and in 1922 obtained a doctor’s degree in theoretical physics.
After studying in Germany and the Netherlands, Fermi taught at the University of Rome. In 1928 Enrico Fermi married Laura Capon, a science student at the university.
Enrico Fermi worked on beta-ray disintegration in radioactivity. From his study of neutrons he learned to make elements radioactive. In 1938 Fermi was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for his work. In order to escape fascism, Fermi and his family did not return to Italy when they went to Sweden to accept the Nobel Prize. They continued on to the United States.
Enrico Fermi taught at Colombia University where he did research on uranium. With the entrance of the United States into World War II, in 1942 Fermi was transferred to the University of Chicago. Here he developed a method for causing nuclear fission. Enrico Fermi led the group that produced the first chain reaction for the controlled release of nuclear energy. The first use of this discovery was in the atomic bombs used to end World War II.
Enrico Fermi became a citizen of the United States in 1944. He died of cancer on November 28, 1954.
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