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George C. Marshall Biography
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Biography: Life of General George C. Marshall
Born 1880, Died 1959
George C. Marshall was born on December 31, 1880 in Uniontown, Pennsylvania. Marshall graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1902 and was commissioned a second lieutenant.
During World War I George C. Marshall served with the First Division in France. He later served on the staff of General John J. Pershing where he first showed his leadership ability and organizational skills.
On September 1, 1939, the day that Hitler invaded Poland, George C. Marshall was appointed Army Chief of Staff by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Marshall held this position until the war ended in 1945.
As Chief of Staff, George C. Marshall expanded the Army to almost 8.5 million members, arranged for training and supply of the troops and chose the generals who would lead them.
As a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Allies’ Combined Chiefs of Staff, George C. Marshall had a leading role in the planning of campaigns around the world.
When a Supreme Commander for the invasion of Europe was to be chosen, President Roosevelt decided that George C. Marshall was too valuable as an advisor to appoint to that position. Roosevelt wanted Marshall at his side and chose Dwight Eisenhower to lead the invasion. In 1944 George C. Marshall became the first five-star general of the United States Army.
In 1947 Marshall was appointed Secretary of State by President Harry S. Truman. As Secretary of State, Marshall secured the passage of the European Recovery Program to restore the economy of Europe and to check the spread of Communism. The plan was known as the Marshall Plan.
George C. Marshall retired as Secretary of State in 1949. He returned to government service as Secretary of Defense during the Korean War in 1950 and 1951.
In 1953 George C. Marshall was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in recognition of the Marshall Plan.
George C. Marshal died on October 16, 1959. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery.
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