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Biography: Life of James A. Garfield
Born 1831 Died 1881; Served as President of the United States March 4 to September 19, 1881.
James A. Garfield was born on November 19, 1831 in Orange Township, Ohio. Garfield was well educated and attended Williams College in Massachusetts.
Garfield returned to Ohio and taught at Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (Hiram College) and later became president of the college. In 1858 he married Lucretia Rudolph. They had five children.
James A. Garfield served in the Civil War and attained the rank of general. Garfield was elected and served 17 years in the United States House of Representatives.
Garfield unexpectedly received the nomination of the Republican Party in 1880 and assumed the presidency in 1881. He attacked the spoils system, the giving of appointments to public offices as a reward for party work. When Charles J. Guiteau sought a public office from Garfield and was refused, he vowed to kill him.
On July 2, 1881 Guiteau shot and wounded James A. Garfield. On September 19, 1881 Garfield died of his wounds. He is buried in Cleveland, Ohio.
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